Lignan glycosides and sucrose esters from roots of Securidaca inappendiculata / 中国中药杂志

Nine compounds, including five lignan glycosides (1-5), three sucrose esters (6-8), and one organic acid ester (9), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Securidaca inappendiculata by various chromatographic methods including silica gel, MPLC and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated as acernikol-4″-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (7R, 8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), (7R, 8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), (7R, 8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), (7R, 8S)-5-methoxydihydrodehy-drodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 3, 6'-O-diferuloylsucrose (6), 3-O-feruloyl-6'-O-sinapoylsucrose (7), sibricose A5 (8), and mehyl ferulate (9) on the basis of 1H-, 13C-NMR and MS experiments. Compounds 1-5, 8, and 9 were isolated from the Securidaca genus for the first time. Compounds 2, 3, and 7 exhibited weak cytotoxic activities against Hela and MCF-7 cell lines.

Identification and characterization of two new xanthones from Cudrania fruticosa / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Cudrania fruticosa Wight. Compounds were isolated by various column chromatographic methods including silica gel, polyamide, sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR techniques, mass spectrometry, and chemical methods. Two new xanthones, Cudraxanthone T and U (1-2), along with four known compounds (3-6) were isolated from the roots of Cudrania fruticosa Wight.

Saponins from roots of Securidaca inappendiculata with cytotoxic activities / 中国中药杂志

Seven acylated triterpene saponins were isolated from the roots of Securidaca inappendiculata by means of various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel, MPLC, preparative HPLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified as securioside A(1), securioside B(2), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-4-O-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(3), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3) ] -4-O-[(E/Z)-3, 4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(3/4), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-4-O-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(5), polygalasa- ponin XLV(6), and polygalasaponin XLVI (7) on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis and physicochemical properties. Among them, compounds 5-7 were isolated from the plants in genus Securidaca for the first time and compounds 3, 3/4 were isolated from the species for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay showed that compounds 2, 3/4, 5 have moderate cytotoxic activities against Lewis lung carcinoma LLC cells with IC50 values of 41.10, 38.17, and 48.92 µmol · L(-1), respectively; compound 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 47.93 µmol · L(-1).

Epidemiological analysis of Brucellosis reported through network in Taiyuan Shanxi province from 2006 to 2009 / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To reveal and forecast the incidence trend of Brucellosis, in order to provide acientific basis for future intervention and policy-making. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze and statistically describe the distribution of the disease in different times, different locations and different (7.0783/10 million to 13.1257/10 million) and Qingxu ( 1.4811/10 million to 8.5241/10 million) were higher,followed by Yangqu county(0 to 5.8232/10 million), Xiaodian(0.8108/l0 million to 2.4229/10 million) and Jinyuan district ( 0.5329/ 10 million to 1.5896/10 million), and the remaining counties(districts) in the annual There were 223 cases of Brucellosis patients from 2006 to 2009 in Taiyuan. Vocational high risk population was farmers, with a total of 140 cases, accounting for 62.78% of the total number of incidence, followed by students and workers, respectively, 13, 14 cases, accounting for 5.83% and 6.28%, other occupational groups, 56 cases,77.58%;28 cases aged above 60 years, accounting for 12.56%;22 cases aged younger than 19 years, accounting identical in the four years, most cases occurred in spring and summer and showing a clear seasonal high.Conclusions The incidence trend of Brucellosis is on the rise from 2006 to 2009. High risk population is farmer,and the number of younger patients is on the rise, we propose strengthen protection for high risk groups.

Two new phenolic glycosides from the stems of Clematis parviloba / 药学学报

To study the chemical constituents of the stems of Clematis parviloba, six compounds were isolated from a 95% ethanol extract by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Two new phenolic glycosides, 2-((E)-3-carboxybut-2-en-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-phenyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 4'-hydroxy-phenol-beta-D-[6-O-(4"-hydroxy-3", 5"-dimethoxy-benzoate)] glucopyranoside (2) were isolated, together with a known phenolic glycoside, 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxy-phenol-beta-D-[6-O-(4"-hydroxy-3", 5"-dimethoxy-benzoate)] glucopyranoside (3) as well as three known megastigmane glycosides, linarionoside A (4), linarionoside C (5), and staphylionoside K (6). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were named as clemaparvilosides A (1) and B (2), respectively, and compounds 3-6 were obtained from Clematis genus for the first time.

Review of the diagnosis and clinical features of multiple sclerosis in China / 神经科学通报·英文版

This review focused on the diagnosis and clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) in China. We have identified the published researching information from 1976 to 2008 in China. The key issues related to the diagnosis and clinical features of MS in China were summarized. The first patient with MS in China was reported in 1926 from Xiehe hospital. Case reports on MS have been increasing during recent decades. Almost all the patients with MS were confirmed by the McDonald criteria (1977) before 1984. After the year of 1992, even to this day, the Poser criteria were widely used in China. Although the new diagnostic criteria, McDonald criteria (2001), were presented in 2001, only few papers published in Chinese were reported. The most frequent initial symptoms or signs of the patients with MS were optic nerve, motor weakness and sensory symptoms. The most frequent location of MS lesions over the course was found to be the spinal cord, followed by the cerebrum and optic nerves. Almost all patients had been treated with corticosteroids. This review supported previous observations in Chinese patients with MS. However, further studies are needed to understand epidemiologic features of MS in China.

Studies on lignan constituents of Clematis parviloba / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the stems of Clematis parviloba.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography with silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic data together with physical and chemical property.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ten compounds have been isolated from the stems of C. parviloba, and identified as: (+) pinoresionol (1), (+) pinoresionol-4'-O-p-D-glucopyranoside (2), ( +) pinoresionol4, 4'-O-bis-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), (-) syringaresinol (4), (+) syringaresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), (-)episyringaresinol (6), (+) medioresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), (+) lariciresinol-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), (+) lariciresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9), (+) lariciresinol-4, 4'-O-bis-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 6, 7 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and the other ones were isolated from this plant for the first time.</p>

Amides from the stems of Uvaria kweichowensis / 药学学报

Uvaria kweichowensis is a folk nongovernmental herb used to treat cure inflammation and tumour in the Southwest area of China. During the course of our investigation for antitumour agents from the stems of Uvaria kweichowensis, six amides were obtained by means of solvent extraction, chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 repeatedly. And their structures were identified as uvariadiamide (1), cepharanone (2), aristololactam A II (3), enterocarpam II (4), aristololactam A Ia (5), and 4,5-dioxodehydroasimilobine (6) on the basis of chemical methods and spectral analyses (EI-MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound; the other compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

A new glycoside from Alpinia officinarum / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the glycosidic constituents in the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The isolation and purification of glycosides were done with column chromatography on macro porous resin, polyamides and Sephadex LH-20, whilst the structure elucidation was done by HRCI-MS and NMR (1D and 2D) methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A glycosidic ester identified as 4'-hydroxy-2'-methoxyphenol-beta-D-{6-0-[4"-hydroxy-3", 5"-dimethoxy (benzoate)]}-glucopyranoside (I), along with a known compound n-butyl-beta-D-fructopyranoside (II), were isolated and characterized.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>I was found to be a new compound, named as alpinoside A, whilst II was isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time.</p>

A new benzophenone from the root of Securidaca inappendiculata / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the benzophenones in the roots of Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Column chromatography (including silica gel and Sephadex LH-20) was used to isolate benzophenones whose structures were elucidated by HREI-MS, NMR (1D and 2D) methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A new benzophenone was isolated and identified as 2-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy-benzophenone (I), along with a known compound 4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxy-benzophenone (II).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound I is a new one named as securiphenone B, compound II was isolated from the genus for the first time.</p>

Content of inorganic elements of Salvia miltiorrhiza root in different area and physicochemical properties of its growing soil / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide basis of environmental factors of genuine crude drug, Salvia miltiorrhiza root.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>On-the-spot investigation and indoor chemical analysis were made to study the physicochemical properties of growing soil and content of inorganic elements of S. miltiorrhiza, and obtained data were analysed with SPSS 10.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>S. miltiorrhiza root of high harvest area accumulated Cu and Zn. In soil principal component analysis, no principal component was obvious. So the drug has good adaptability in ecological environment of soil.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ecological environment of soil isn't leading factor in forming genuine crude S. miltiorrhiza.</p>

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Lysimachia davurica / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the triterpenoid saponins in the whole plant of Lysimachia davurica Ledeb.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Column chromatography (including AB-8 macroporous resin, silica gel and ODS) was used to separate triterpenoid saponins whose structures were elucidated by ESI-MS, NMR (1D and 2D) and hydrolysis methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two new triterpenoid saponins were isolated and established as 3beta, 16alpha, 28-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-3-0-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)-28-0-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (I), 3beta, 16alpha, 28-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl)-28-0-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (II).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds I and II are new compounds and named as davuricosides D and J.</p>

Chemical constituents from the rhizoma of Arundina graminifolia / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To isolate and elucidate the chemical constituents from the tuber of Arundina graminifolia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were extracted by 95% alcohol and isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, SephedaxLH-20 and ODS. The structures were determined by UV, IR, NMR and MS spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five compounds were isolated, and their structures were identified as (2E)-, 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-decosyl ester (I), p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (II), triacontanol (III) and p-hydroxybenzylethyl ether (IV), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybibenzyl (V), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All compounds were isolated from the genus of Arundina for the first time.</p>

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the triterpenoid saponins in the whole plants of Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl..</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Column chromatography (including AB-8 macroporous resin, silica gel and ODS) was used to separate triterpenoid saponins whose structures were elucidated by ESI-MS, NMR (1D and 2D) and hydrolysis methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two new triterpenoid saponins were isolated and established as 3beta, 22alpha-dihydroxy-16alpha-angeloyloxy-28-->13-lactone-oleanane-3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinpyranosyl]-22-O-(6-acetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (I), 3beta, 13beta, 22alpha-trihydroxy-16alpha-acetyloxyoleanane-28-oic acid Na-3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinpyranosyl]-22-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds I and II are new compounds and named as capilliposide I and capilliposide J.</p>

Pharmacokinetics of patchouli alcohol and patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil after iv administrated to rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To develop a capillary gas chromatographic method for the determination and pharmacokinetic study of patchouli alcohol in rat plasma after iv administration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The drug was extracted with ethyl acetate. Eugenol was used as internal standard. The separation was carried out on a HP-5MS quartz capillary column, with high-purity nitrogen as carrier gas and flame ionization detector (FID) as detector. The column temperature was maintained at 80 degrees C for 1 min and then programmed to 200 degrees C at a rate of 15 degrees C x min(-1); it was held at 200 degrees C for 1 min, and then programmed to 290 degrees C at a rate of 60 degrees C x min(-1); the final temperature was held for 1 min. The temperature of both injector and detector was set at 290 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The standard curve was linear from 25 to 5 000 microg x L(-1) in rat plasma. The recovery of this method was from 90.0% to 110.0% with satisfactory relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 10.0%. The pharmacokinetic parameters demonstrated patchouli alcohol were consistent with the two-compartment open model and showed linear pharmacokinetics. The T1/2beta, AUC and MRT of patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil were all higher than that of patchouli alcohol.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method is quick, precise and reliable. The pharmacokinetics of patchouli alcohol is different from that of patchouli alcohol in patchouli oil.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents in herba of Lysimachia davurica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents from the whole plant of Lysimachia davurica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were separated and purified by column chromatograph, and identified by spectral analysis and physical data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Six compounds were isolated and identified as triacontanoic acid(I), palmitic acid(II), beta-amyrin(III), stigmasterol(IV), oleanolic acid(V), soya-cerebroside I (VI).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>I, III, VI were isolated from this gene for the first time.</p>

Studies on the chemical constituents of Securidaca inappendiculata / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the chemical constituents of Securidaca inappendiculata.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and Medium Pressure Liquid Chromatography, respectively. Structures of the compounds were elucidated by chemical evidence and spectral (UV, IR, MS, 1HNMR and 13CNMR) analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight compounds (1-8) were isolated and identified. Seven of them (2-7) are known compounds: oleanolic acid, p-hydroxytruxinic acid, p-coumaric acid, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, uridine, beta-sitosterol and daucosterol. One (1) is a new hemiterpenoic acid glycoside, named securiterpenoside.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A new hemiterpenoic acid glycoside, named securiterpenoside, was isolated from Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. Seven known compounds were isolated from genus Securidaca for the first time.</p>

Quinic acid esters from herba of Siphonostegia chinensis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the bioactive constituents, quinic acid esters, from Siphonostegia chinensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were extracted with solvents, isolated by various column chromatography and identified by spectroscopic methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Three quinic acid esters were isolated and identified as 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(I), macranthoin F(II), and methyl ester of 3, 4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (III).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All compounds were isolated from Siphonostegia for the first time.</p>

Photosynthetic pigment contents of different germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa and the relationship between pigments and leaf color / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa on the basis of photosynthetic pigment contents (PPC).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>20 cultivars were planted on the same condition. On Oct. 23 and Sept. 25, 3 leaves per cultivar were collected on different plants, and 80 mg mesophyll was collected among upper lateral veins and was ground in 96% alcohol, and the supernatant was subjected to measure on a spectrophotometer (Angilent 8453).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The PPCs among cultivars were significantly different at a P < or = 0.01 level. The results of the measurements were similar. Chlolophyll a was the most abundant pigment, but varied to a great extent among different cultivars. 20 cultivars were divided into 9 homogeneous groups according to the contents of chlorophyll a by Duncan's multiple range test at P < or = 0.05. In addition, the content of chlorophyll a was closely related to leaf color. The cultivars with higher chlolophyll a had deep green leaves, and those with lower had yellow green or pale green leaves.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PPC was an inherent character and an important index for the germplasm evaluation of R. glutinosa.</p>

HPLC determination of 6-gingerol in Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the contents of 6-Gingerol in Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC method was used, with Alltech C18 column, acetonitrile-methol-water (43:5:52) as mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.8 mL.min-1, detecting wavelength 280 nm, and column temperature 35 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Retained time of 6-gingerol was near 19 min, showing a good recovery (98.2%) and linear correlation (r = 0.9999). The contents of 6-gingerol were 1.35-2.87 mg.g-1, and the water contents were 70.4-85.5% mL.g-1 in Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is appropriate for the determination of 6-gingerol in Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens. Gingerol can be used as a chemical marker of the quality control of Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens.</p>